藏族居民早发冠心病危险因素的横断面研究

Risk Factors of Early Onset Coronary Heart Disease in Tibetan Residents: A Cross-sectional Study

目的探讨藏族居民早发冠心病的影响因素。方法选择2011年1月至2013年5月在西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院心内科住院治疗的藏族冠心病患者为研究对象,按年龄分为早发冠心病组和晚发冠心病组。对两组患者性别、家族史、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病和血脂水平进行单因素分析,提取有统计学意义的因素进一步进行多因素logistic回归分析。统计分析采用SPSS 16.0软件。结果共纳入64例藏族冠心病患者,其中早发冠心病组22例,晚发冠心病组42例。单因素分析结果显示,两组患者在性别、家族史、HDL-C和LDL-C水平上差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,家族史(OR=3.374,P<0.05)、TG水平更高(OR=2.369,P<0.05)、HDL-C水平更低(OR=0.014,P<0.05)和LDL-C水平更高(OR=3.008,P<0.05)是早发冠心病的独立危险因素。结论阳性家族史、TG升高、HDL-C降低和LDL-C升高是藏族居民早发冠心病的独立危险因素。

Objective To explore and discuss the risk factors of early onset coronary heart disease in Tibetan residents. Methods We selected Tibetan residents with coronary heart disease who were hospitalized in the Hospital of Chengdu Office of People＇s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region between lanuary 2011 and May 2013, and then divided them into two groups by age （early onset and late onset coronary heart disease groups）. Univariate analysis was performed between two groups by gender, family history, smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, levels of blood lipid, respectively. The fac- tors with significant differences were extracted for logistic regression. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0 software. Results A total of 64 Tibetan residents with coronary heart disease were included, of which, 22 cases were in the early onset groups and 42 cases the late onset group. The results of univariate analysis showed that, significant differences were found in gender, family history, and levels of HDL-C and LDL-C （all P〈0.05）. Besides, the results of logistic regression showed that, family history （OR=3.374, P〈0.05）, high triglycerides level （OR=2.369, P〈0.05）, low HDL-C level （OR=0.014, P〈0.05） and high level of LDL-C （OR=3.008, P〈0.05） were independent risk factors of early onset coronary heart disease in Tibetan residents. Conclusion Positive family history, high triglycerides level, low HDL-C level and high level of LDL-C are independent risk factors of early onset coronary heart disease in Tibetan residents.