1998—2013年某高校新生体检肺结核检出结果分析

Analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis test results of college freshmen in an agricultural university from 1998 to 2013

目的了解高等农业院校新生在入学健康体检中肺结核的检出情况,为及早发现和治疗肺结核,防止学校出现结核病爆发和流行提供依据。方法对山东农业大学1998—2013年共计88 075名历年新生进行入学健康体检,以X线胸透检出肺结核改变作为肺结核的初筛判断,对阳性检出者再转市级结核病防治中心以确诊。结果 X线胸透检出肺部有异常改变(呈片状影、结节状影或条索状影)323例,总检出率为0.36%。其中确诊肺结核256例,检出率0.29%;肺部感染67例,检出率0.07%。结论在高校新生入学健康体检中,X线胸透检查有助于及早发现无症状肺结核,尤其是活动性肺结核病人,是控制大学生结核病流行重要措施之一,对有效遏制学校结核病传播和蔓延具有重要意义。

Objective To find out the detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among college students, so as to detect and cure pulmonary tuberculosis early, and prevent the outbreak and epidemic of the disease. Methods A total of 88 075 freshmen were examined in Shandong Agricultural University from 1998 to 2013, and the results were analyzed statistically. The preliminary screening was performed with X-ray, and the positives were transfer to the prevention and control center for pulmonary tuberculosis for confirming. Results There were 323 abnormal cases detected from total examined students, accounting for 0.36 %. Among these 323 cases, there were 259 confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis cases, and other 67 cases were confirmed as pulmonary infection. The pulmonary tuberculosis cases and pulmonary infection cases each accounted for 0.29% and 0.07% of total examined students. Conclusions The X-ray test is helpful for the early detection of asymptomatic pulmonary tuberculosis, especially for active tuberculosis patients, and it has a great significance in effective prevention of outbreak and epidemic of pulmonary tuberculosis.