北京市不同功能区空气负氧离子及影响因素研究

Experimental Research of Air Negative Oxygen Ion and Their Affecting Factors in Different Ecological Functional Areas of Beijing

空气负离子浓度与空气环境质量密切相关,以北京市3类功能区8个观测点为监测对象,研究空气负离子浓度变化规律及温度、湿度、晴天、阴天对空气负离子浓度的影响。结果表明:交通区和生活区负离子浓度变化趋势大致相同,9:00-10:00和14:00,负离子浓度比较高,而8:00、12:00和18:00负离子浓度较低,生活区峰值比交通区提前1 h出现,且负离子浓度最大值高于交通区,可以看出大量的交通尾气可大幅度降低空气负离子浓度;休闲区与交通区、生活区差异显著,9:00和12:00负离子浓度较高,而10:00和17:00负离子浓度较低。此外,空气负离子浓度与空气湿度呈正相关,与气温呈负相关。不同天气状况下晴天空气负离子浓度虽比阴天负离子浓度高,但影响不明显。

Air negative ion concentration is closely related to air quality. With three functional regions in 8 observing sites in Beijing as objective, the regularity for change of negative air ion concentrations as well as effects of various environment factors including temperature ,humidity, sunshine, cloudy on the negative air ion concentration were studied. Results indicate that in traffic area and living quarters,the change tendency of the negative ion concentration are much the same,with high concentration negative ion in 9：00-10：00 am and 2：00 pro, while low in 8：00 am, 12：00 am and 6：00 pm. Living quarters＇ peaks appear 1 hour ahead of traffic area,with the maximum value higher than traffic area, which indicate that large amount of traffic exhaust can greatly reduce the concentration of negative air ion. Compared to the traffic area and living quarters, the negative air ion concentration in leisure areas is vary significantly, at 9：00 am and 12：00 am the air negative ion density is high, while low at 10：00 am and at 5：00 pm. In addition,the air negative ion concentration is positively correlated with air humidity, and negatively correlated with temperature. Under different weather conditions, air negative ion in sunny day is higher than that in cloudy day,but the effect is not obvious.