道家哲学的女性气质及其当代价值

The Feminity and Its Contemporary Value of Taoist Philosophy

道家哲学及其文化传统是中国思想文化的主干之一,它源于上古母系氏族公社时期的女性崇拜。老子的《道德经》鲜明地呈现了道家哲学的女性气质,以"牝""雌""母"等阴性喻词摹状"道"。与此哲学旨趣殊异的古希腊逻各斯理性主义传统以男性为本位的经验和思维模式来规范世界的合理性,进而将女性排挤出公共领域。当代女性主义突破西方传统主流哲学女性观的藩篱,融汇中国道家精神资源,致力于男女两性平等、合作与和谐的终极关切。此一价值不仅关乎男女之道的新格局,也为思考当代人类新文化战略提供了极其宝贵的精神动力。

Taoist philosophy and its cultural tradition belong to Chinese ideology and culture, originating from the female worship in the ancient matriarchal clan commune era. Tao Te Ching, written by the founder of Taorism, presents the feminity of Taoist philosophy, describing the definition of ＂Tao＂ with the words of feminine gender, such as ＂Pin＂, ＂Ci＂, ＂Mu＂, etc. On the contrary, the Logos in ancient Greek takes the males as the center of the world, squeezing the females out of the public sphere. The feminism in China breaks the barrier of female view in the western traditional mainstream philosophy, integrating the Taoist spiritual resources in China and devoting to the equality, corporation and harmony between the males and females. It not only involves the new pattern of the two genders, but also provides the precious intellectual impetus to the new culture strategy in the contemporary era.