流动视域下当代家族的民间实态和发展走向

Present Situations and Developing Tendency of Clan Networks from the Perspective of Migrating

家族经过时代的洗礼,已发生了结构性和功能性的变迁,尤其是家族主体——现代农民赋予的"制度创新",使家族的内涵和外壳均已发生了形变。家族被复制到城市,血缘网络已经改造成一个吸纳了姻缘(亲缘)、友缘、业缘等大的集合体,但先赋性传统的血缘关系仍然是流动网络的基础和模本。家族成员不再囿于伦理因素和长辈权威,将新的智力、能力、财务等因素融入家族中,其行为的意义图式、文化安排、文化秩序不再以传统的方式进行排列,他们按照能力原则、利益原则等进行新的组合,宗亲间伦理性的约束力量正在不断消减。他们的能动性和创新行为赋予了家族网络以新的内涵,体现了当代家族走势的现代性向度。

After experiencing time changes, clans have transformed in terms of structures and functions. Modern peas-ants, as the main body of modern clans, have brought “systematic innovations” into clans, which have caused transforma-tions to the connotations and shells of clans. Clan structures have been brought to cities, and networks of blood ties have been transformed into a group of marriage, friendship and working relations, but the blood ties remain as the base and model for such networks. Members in the clan are not confined to ethnics and parental authority,a nd they bring new in-tellectual, capability and financial factors into clans.