恒河猴婴猴离乳阶段行为观察及分析

Observation and analysis of the individual behavior with weaning of infant Rhesus Monkeys

目的了解婴猴离乳期的行为特点及规律,初步探讨婴猴早期断奶后心理和行为的变化。方法采用随意取样和时间记录法对2012年出生的290只婴猴离乳后的行为进行6个月的观察记录。结果离乳后1个月内出现团抱、吸手指、吸同伴身体3种行为,团抱、吸手指行为在第2、3月显著上升(P<0.05),吸同伴身体行为在第2月显著上升(P<0.05);第2个月,新增的踱步、吸生殖器的行为于第3个月显著上升(P<0.05),爬跨行为随时间的延长无明显变化;第3个月新增吸脚趾行为的比例未随时间的变化而发生改变。其中,雌性同笼发生团抱的比率显著高于异性及雄性同笼(P<0.05);雄性婴猴较雌性婴猴更易发生踱步行为;雄性婴猴吸手指及吸同伴身体的行为发生率显著低于雌性(P<0.05);吸脚趾行为雌、雄发生率无显著差异。结论通过观察婴猴离乳后的行为,观察到团抱、踱步、吸脚趾、吸手指、吸生殖器、吸同伴身体和爬跨7种行为,且各行为均随时间的变化而递增。团抱行为反映了恐惧心理;吮吸行为代表了生理需求及防卫心理;踱步行为初期是无目的,逐渐变成焦虑心理的体现。为研究人类婴幼儿早期断奶后心理和行为的变化,开展心理学、行为学等方面的评估实验提供研究思路和模型。

Objective To understand the characteristics and rules of behavior and preliminary study on the change of psychological state and behavior of infant rhesus monkeys after weaning by artificial feed .Methods 290 infant rhesus monkeys were born in 2012, individual behavior of infant rhesus monkeys were observed and recorded by the methods of ad libitum sampling and chronography .Results The behavior of huddling , sucking finger and sucking body of companion were observed in the first month , the behavior of huddling and sucking finger were significantly increased in the second and third month（P ＆lt;0.05）, sucking body of companion in second month were significantly higher than the first month （P ＆lt;0.05）;the new behavior pacing , sucking genitalia and mounting were observed in the second month , pacing and sucking were significantly increased in the third month （ P ＆lt;0.05 ） , mounting did not have obvious change; in the third month ,＆amp;nbsp;sucking toe behavior ware recorded and did not change with time; The proportion of huddling behavior occurred between female and female was significantly higher than opposite sex or male in the same cage .The male infant monkeys were more likely to occurred pacing behavior than female .Sucking body of companion and sucking finger behavior of male were significantly lower than the female infant monkeys （ P ＆lt;0.05 ） .There was no significant difference of sucking toe behavior .Conclusions 7 behaviors were recorded during the whole stage of observation , huddling behavior , pacing behavior , sucking toe behavior , sucking finger behavior , sucking genitalia behavior , sucking body of companion behavior and mounting behavior respectively , and 7 behaviors were increased by degrees with time .Huddling behavior to reflect fear psychology;sucking behavior to represent physiological demand and defensive psychology ;pacing was insignificant behavior in the initial stage , then to reflect psychological anxiety of rhesus monkeys .Provided a way and model on assessment of psychology, praxiology, to study and research the change of psychological state and behavior of early weaning infants .