中国5省份农村室内空气PM_(1.0)和CO污染特征

Characteristics of PM_(1.0) and CO in rural indoor air of five Chinese provinces

室内空气污染对人体健康威胁逐渐加重，而我国农居室内空气中颗粒物和CO对农户危害较为突出，目前该领域全面和深入的研究鲜有报道. 2009年7月-2011年1月，调研了湖北、河北、辽宁、贵州和广东等5个省份共74户农村家庭，其中实时监测了58户家庭在不同燃料（生物质、蜂窝煤、液化气和沼气）和炉灶类型（开放式柴灶、传统灶、节柴灶）下，其室内PM1.0，CO，CO2和风速、温度等浓度和数据. 通过分析数据发现，农户在炊事期间，燃料点火开始其室内PM1.0和CO浓度迅速升高，熄火后浓度缓慢下降；不同燃料、炉灶类型及其他环境因素都会对污染物浓度产生较大影响；在不同燃料类型下，农户室内PM1.0和CO之间的相关关系不同，且相关关系随二者浓度降低而减弱.

Indoor air pollution posed a greater threat to human body health. Particulate matter and CO in rural indoor air became the main pollution factors, which are still not well characterized, yet. An interview was conducted over 74 households using multiple cooking fuels and stoves in Hubei, Hebei, Liaoning, Guizhou and Guangdong provinces from July 2009 to January 2011. There were great discrepancies of common fuel species among different households, such as coal, biomass fuels, liquid petroleum gas and biogas. Meanwhile, the most common cook stove varied from coal to biomass fuels, from liquid petroleum gas to biogas. Several parameters, such as PM1.0 concentration, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, wind speed and temperature of 58 households during cooking were monitored in real-time. According to the statistic analysis, PM1.0 and CO concentration rose sharply after the fuel was ignited, and declined slowly when the fire was extinguished. The results showed that not only environmental factors, but type of cooking fuels and stoves exerted a significant impact on pollutant levels. The good correlation between PM1.0 and CO varied with fuel types, which weakened correspondingly with their concentrations decreased.