饲粮添加胆碱对鹅免疫性能和肝脏组织学的影响

Effects of Choline Added into Feed on Immune Function and Liver Histology of Geese

研究饲粮中添加不同水平胆碱对鹅免疫性能和肝脏组织学的影响。选用1日龄青农灰鹅180只，随机分为6个处理，每处理3重复，每重复10只。在玉米-豆粕型饲粮中分别添加0、600、1200、1800、2400和3000mg／kg的胆碱。试验期15周。结果表明：1）饲粮中添加胆碱能显著提高4、15周龄鹅免疫器官指数（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），但对血清禽流感抗体效价无显著影响（P〉0．05）。2）饲粮未添加胆碱组鹅肝脏细胞肿大，胞浆内有较多大小不等的脂肪空泡，将细胞核挤压到一侧，添加1200～3000mg／kg胆碱均可有效改善肝脏内脂肪的沉积现象。综合衡量各项指标，在饲粮中添加胆碱是可行的，胆碱添加水平均1200ms／kg为宜。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different choline level added into feed on iramune function and liver histology of geese. One hundred and eighty one - day - old ＂ Qingnonghui＂ geese were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 10 geese in each replicate. Geese in the six groups were fed the corn - soybean basal diets supplemented with 0, 600, 1 200, 1 800, 2 400 and 3 000 mg/kg choline, respectively. The experiment lasted for 15 weeks. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） The supplementation of choline significantly increased immune organ index of geese aged 1 to 4 weeks and 1 to 15 weeks （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01 ）, but there was no significant difference in antibody titre of Bird Flu disease（P 〈0.05）. 2） in no cho- line group, swelling of hepatocyte was observed and the cytoplasm was full of fat cavitation, and the cell nuclei are squeezed to one side. The supplementation of 1 200 -3 000 mg/kg choline in diets can decrease fat deposition of hepatocyte effectively. In conclusion, the supplementation of choline in diets for ＂ Qingnonghui＂ geese is feasible, and the optimum supplemental level is 1 200 mg/kg.