驾驶风格对新手驾驶员危险知觉的影响

Effect of Driving Styles on Novice Driver's Hazard Perception

目的探讨驾驶风格对新手驾驶员危险知觉的影响,以期为新手驾驶员的培训、选拔工作提供理论支持。方法在辽宁省3个城市选取115名新手驾驶员完成多维度驾驶风格量表和驾驶员危险知觉情景问卷。结果①方差分析表明,危险知觉的驾龄、年龄差异显著(F=18.17,12.70;P<0.001);②相关分析表明,男性冒险、愤怒、焦虑、分心以及女性冒险、愤怒、焦虑驾驶风格与危险知觉呈显著负相关(r=-0.357,-0.388,-0.403,-0.367,-0.465,-0.369,-0.395;P<0.01);③回归分析表明,冒险和焦虑驾驶风格对危险知觉的预测作用显著(β=-0.124,-0.106;P<0.01)。结论驾龄越长、年龄越大的驾驶员,危险知觉能力越高;驾驶过程中冒险和焦虑越多,危险知觉能力越低。

Objective To explore the effect of driving styles on novice driver＇s hazard perception, and provide the basis for drivers training program. Methods A total of 115 drivers were selected to complete Multidimensional Driving Style Inventory and situational questionnaire of driver hazard perception. Results （1）Driving experience and age differences were found for hazard perception （F = 18.17,12.70 ;P 〈 0. 001 ） ; （2）There were significantly negative correlations between male （ risky, angry, anxious, dissociative） driving styles, female driving styles （ risky, angry, anxious） and hazard perception （ r = 0. 357,0. 388,0. 403,0. 367,0. 465,0. 369,0. 395 ; P 〈 0.01 ） ;（3）Risky and anxious were two independent significant predictors of risk perception（ β = -0. 124 ,-0. 106 ;P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Drivers hazard perception will be better if they have more experience. However, their hazard perception will be impaired if they have risky or anxious activities in driving.