转型期个体苦恼与自我评价——从黑格尔的苦恼意识分析自我评价的作用

Individual Unhappiness in the Period of Transition and Self-Evaluation——Analysis of the Role of Self-Evaluation on Hegel's Unhappy Consciousness

苦恼意识是源自于黑格尔《精神现象学》中的一个概念。由于自我意识的一分为二,处在同一自我意识内的双方能够为彼此所意识到却无法统一,强烈的分裂导致苦恼意识。黑格尔所处的时代是一个转型的时代,这与当代中国所处的改革转型期有诸多相似之处。黑格尔试图解决的苦恼意识问题,同时也具有现代性的特征,它成为现代人无法摆脱的忧虑。苦恼,不仅仅是认知问题,同时也是价值问题,故这一问题也是价值论的问题域。而自我评价活动正是出于对自我意识的自觉,进而达到自我意识中分裂的弥合。而在这一过程中,既实现了对善的价值追求,也抵抗了苦恼的困境。基于此,自我评价活动为苦恼意识的摆脱提供了一条可能出路,也为当代转型期中国个体所面临的困惑给出自我评价的启示。

Unhappy consciousness is a concept from Hegel＇s phenomenology of spirit. Because of the self - consciousness is split in two, the two parts know each other but cannotget to, then a strong sense is split in distress. Hegelg age is an age of transition, whichthe modern China is in. The problem of unhappy consciousness Hegelattempting to solve, also has the characteristics of modernity. So it cannot get rid of a modern anxiety. Unhappiness is not only a cognitive problem but also a value problem. Self - evaluationis based onself - consciousness, and thus plays a role of the bridgeon the division of self - consciousness. And the pursuit of good value, also resists the plight of unhappiness. Then, the self - evaluation activity provides the unhappy consciousness a way to out of it. It may be a enlightenment toindividual unhappiness in the period of transition.