美国西部文学中的生物区域想象

The Bioregional Imagination in the American Western Literature

美国西部文学中蕴涵的"生物区域主义"(bioregionalism)作为新兴的环境运动理论,积极倡导带有区域特点的生活模式和生产范式。"生物区域"视角是皮特·伯格(Peter Berg)等生态学者的主要创作范畴和创作机制,他们综合运用文化生态与自然生态,引导人们选择更传统、更天然的生活方式。斯奈德则号召人们回归荒野,倡导一种具有包容性和普世性的价值伦理。重新解读美国西部文学经典作品,可以推动美国"生物区域主义"作家和作品的研究进程,建构更为有效的生态批评范式。

As a new environmental movement theory, bioregionalism embodied in the American western literature calls for a regionalized life style and production paradigm. ＂Bioregion＂ is the habitus of such writers as Peter Berg, where they guide human beings to return to a more traditional, more natural way of life via integrating cultural biology with natural biology. Gary Snyder, on the other hand, called for people to go back to the wildness and advocate a kind of universal ethics with deep, democratic, inclusive and eternal value. Rereading the classic works of American western literature can not only facilitate the research process of American bio-literary writers and works but also construct a more effective eco-eriticism paradigm.