天职观的丰富内涵探析

On the Rich Connotations of Calling

16世纪西欧宗教改革运动中,马丁·路德创造性地提出天职观这一新教核心思想,认为属灵和属世两个世界的职业均为同等重要的天职,但应互不干涉,各司其职,意在确立政教分离的关系。约翰·加尔文将上帝不可知论和命定论引入天职观,认为正当途径积累的财富是判定世人为上帝选民的唯一标准,从而助推资本主义的发展,并为文艺复兴奠定物质基础。

During the religious reformation of 16th century in Western Europe, Martin Luther creatively propounds the key Protestant thought of Calling to establish the separation of church and state, holding that the jobs of the spiritual and temporal worlds are equally important but mutually noninterferent callings, and that each should only perform its own functions. John Calvin ushers the theories of God＇s incomprehension and predestination into Calling to propel the growth of capitalism and lay a solid material foundation for the Renaissance, believing wealth accumulated in justified ways is the only and sole criterion of God＇s elects.