论民国时期北京政府对省际匪患的治理——以苏皖鲁豫四省交界地区为中心的探讨

On the crushing of bandits in border areas of Jiangsu,Anhui,Shandong and Henan provinces during the Republic of China

苏皖鲁豫四省交界地区匪患严重,在民国北京政府时期省际地区具有一定的代表性。由于特别的政治形势、地理环境和风俗民情适合土匪活动,使得土匪流窜泛滥、独剿无功,造成一系列不良后果,引发恶性循环。北京政府前后三次选派人员督办剿匪,取得一定成效。但该地区匪患问题并没有从根本上得到解决。其原因是多方面的:从剿匪督办这一职务上讲,由于在人选确定和操作运行各方面存在着诸多问题,影响了职能的发挥,这是剿匪收效不著的直接原因。从兵匪关系上看,这一地区兵匪现象严重,增加了匪患治理的难度。从匪患根源上看,这一地区的匪患是社会矛盾尖锐化的产物。

The border areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and Henan provinces are frequented by bandits in the Republic of China. Bandits rove around and the government fails to keep it under control. As a result, it destroys the social order, and hinders economic recovery and development. The government sends officials three times but hardly makes progress. Several reasons are attributable, say, the supervisors who are sent, the serious relationship of soldiers and bandits, and social roots of banditry.