唐代民间医疗视角下的“饮子”研究

On “Yinzi” from the Perspective of Folk Medical Treatment in Tang Dynasty

中古时期兴起的"饮子",其前身是流行于南朝的各色"药饮"。饮子具有所用药物较为平和及方便饮用的特点。饮子在唐代的盛行有其社会背景,一是医者的认可。"汤胜于丸,丸迟不应急尔",即治疗的时效性使得汤剂在唐代剂型中占据了主要地位;二是长期稳定的社会环境为饮子类汤剂的盛行提供了可能性。正是上述因素,促成了唐代"寻常之药,不过数味"的饮子流行于民间医人与民众之中。

The Yinzi decoction, of which the predecessor was the guiding medicine in the Southern Dynasties, rose in the middle ancient times. It showed the characteristics of mild drug and convenience. In addition, the prevalence of Yinzi in Tang Dynasty had its social background. Firstly, it was recog- nized by the physicians. ＂Decoction is better than pill, especially in emergency circumstances＂. The time-effectiveness of the treatment made the decoction hold a dominant position in Tang Dynasty. Secondly, the prevalence of Yinzi decoction benefited from a long-term and stable social environment. All these factors had made Yinzi, which was regard as ＂common medicine, less dosage＂, prevalent among the folk medicine men and the masses in Tang Dynasty.