载人小行星探测的任务特点与实施途径探讨

Characters and Technological Approach of Human Asteroid Exploration Mission

介绍了载人小行星探测的发展现状,对目前美国基于"猎户座"飞船的载人小行星探测的概要方案进行了描述,包括探测器系统组成、运载火箭和飞行方案等内容。从速度增量、目标星引力等方面,分析了载人小行星探测的任务特点,并与载人火星探测、载人月球探测以及无人小行星探测的任务特点进行了比较。给出了载人小行星探测的实施途径建议,包括目标星选择、载人飞船系统设计等。讨论了其所涉及的推进、星际飞行安全保障、小行星表面行走等关键技术。研究结果可为我国开展载人深空探测提供参考。

The development of human asteroid exploration is reviewed, the conceptual design of the only human asteroid exploration program based on Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle from Ameri- ca is described, including exploration system architecture, launch vehicles and flight scenario. The char- acter of human asteroid exploration mission is analyzed from the aspects such as velocity increment and target gravity, which are compared with those of human Mars exploration, human lunar explora- tion, and robotic asteroid exploration. Some suggestions are given on the implementation ap- proach to human asteroid exploration mission, including target selection and system design of manned spacecraft. The relevant key technologies involved in the mission are discussed, such as propulsion, safety support during interplanetary flight, walking on an asteroid. This paper can be provided as a reference for strategic programming of Chinese human deep space exploration.