战后国民党党媒企业化变革述论(1945—1949)

On the KMT's Media Entrepreneurial Reform after WWⅡ( 1945—1949)

抗战末期,国民党中央以"壮大党报实力"、"巩固本党新闻事业之基础"为名,决定推行党媒企业化变革,但对党媒经营管理制度的改造并非单纯的经济变革,而是行宪政制变革中的一环,它的发生与发展既有宪政的要求,又有政争的目的。从结果看,一些党媒通过企业化变革成立了股份公司,甚至取得了经济独立,但这些成就的获得仍然离不开政策扶持。从制度经济学的角度来看,此种在党政扶持、推动下的党媒企业化变革,实际上是行政权力对经济运行的深层介入,不仅难以解决党媒的深层困境,并将为腐败滋生提供新的温床。

At the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, in order to “strengthen the party＇ s newspaper” and “con- solidate the foundation of the party＇ s media”, the Kuomintang decided to transform the party＇ s media into enterprises. Such reform involved not only economic changes, but also those of constitution, in fact it had been the part of the constitutional re- form at that time, and was the consequence of the constitutional requirements and the politieal struggle. After the reform, some media became the incorporated companies, and acquired the economic independence. But the political means were still the main reason of such achievements. From the angle of view of the institutional economics, such media entrepreneurial reform carried out by the political party is actually a kind of interference by the political power into the economic, it eouldn＇ t resolve the deeply problems of the party＇ s media. However, such reform had provided the new chances to the corruptions.