民国时期徽州交通网络的多元格局及评价

Diversified Pattern of Huizhou's Traffic Network in the Republic of China Period and Evaluation on It

为了改变徽州地区交通闭塞的局面,民国时期徽州地区积极发展公路建设,但公路运输并不占主导地位。公路建成后,徽州与区内外的水路运输仍然很重要,徽州境内的传统石板路状况及承担的功能依然如故。这种多元格局的交通网络的状况,使得徽州对外输出商品的运费高昂的状况基本上没有变化。并且,部分囿于徽州山地陡峻的自然特点,徽州地区所修建公路自身也存在质量不佳、易受山水冲击等弱点。此外,徽州地区在抗日战争期间为了抵御日军进攻,政府多次下令拆毁公路。在这些因素的作用下,徽州公路建设对徽州经济发展的促进作用不宜高估。至于徽州公路建设对徽州本地的影响,更多体现在对徽州习尚的改变及人员联系加强等方面。伴随着公路的建成,江浙等繁华都市来黄山旅游或经商的人日益增加,也把江浙的习尚带到了徽州地区。

In order to change the pattern of traffic locking, Huizhou developed highway construction actively in the Repub- lic of China period. The construction of highways outside and inside Huizhou in the Republic of China period led to the closer economic contact between Huizhou and Zhejiang, and facilitated the output of commodities in Huizhou. However, highway transportation didn＇ t occupy a dominant place, and after completion of highways, waterway transportation was still very impor- tant inside and outside Huizhou, the status and functions undertaken by the traditional flagstone walk inside Huizhou were still as before. Such traffic network of diversified patterns didn＇ t change the status of high freight for Huizhou to output commodi- ties. What＇s more, restricted by Huizhou＇ s natural characteristic of steep mountainous regions, the highways constructed in Huizhou had some disadvantages such as poor quality, being easily subject to the impact of water froln mountains, etc. in or- der to resist the attack d Japanese army, government dismantle the highways in Huizhou during the Anti - Japanese War peri- od. For these factors, the construction d Huizhou＇ s highways played little role in promoting the development of Huizhou＇ s e- eonolny. However, the impact of Huizhou＇ s highway construction on local place was more embodied at the change of custom and the strengthening of personnel contact, etc. Along with the completion of highways, more people froln flourishing cities of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, etc. came to Mount Huang for tourism or business operation, and brought their local custom to Huizhou.