车轮定位角对操纵稳定性指标影响的定量研究

Quantitative research of influence wheel alignment angle on handling index

车轮定位角的存在会使轮胎的受力状态发生变化,引起车轮的侧滑,从而改变车辆的性能,因此有必要定量地研究车轮定位的前束角、外倾角对操稳性能影响.一方面,从车轮侧滑来解释前束、外倾对转向特性的影响.另一方面,从考虑前束变化的车辆双轨模型推导公式来从理论上详细阐明前束、外倾与转弯半径的关系.然后,通过仿真,分析了不同轮胎载荷状态下的前束角、外倾角.最后,基于上述分析,具体定量地研究前束角、外倾角对车辆稳态和瞬态操纵稳定性指标的影响大小和趋势,并得到稳态及瞬态特性指标与车轮定位角的定量关系,结果与理论分析一致,为车轮定位角的精确设计奠定了基础.

Alignment angle of wheel makes the condition of tire force changed which causes the side skidding and consequently changes the vehicle performance. The paper quantitatively studied the influence of toe and camber angle on handling performance. On the one hand, the influence of toe and camber on corning characteristic was explained by tire side skidding. On the other hand, mathematical relationship between toe, camber and corning radius was explicitly expatiated by vehicle double-track movement model with toe variety. Then toe angle, camber angle on different tire loading condition were analyzed by simulation. Finally, the influence tendency of toe, camber on full vehicle steady and transient handling was specifically and quantitatively studied, and quantitative relationship between toe, camber and steady, transient handling index was obtained. Results are consistent with theoretical derivations and form a foundation for precise design about alignment angle of wheel.