发酵床垫料中有机质及氮素形态变化

Variation of Organic Matter and Nutrient Forms in Pig Bio-Bed Litters

通过测定发酵床养猪栏内0 - 20、〉20 - 40 cm垫料层和〉40 - 60、60 - 80 cm土层样品的含水率、pH值、不同形态氮素含量以及有机质含量等指标，研究垫料中氮素形态的转变及其对下层土壤一些理化指标的影响。结果表明，随着垫料使用时间的延长，垫料含水率和有机质含量均呈现持续降低趋势；由于猪粪尿的不断排放，垫料中全氮、碱解氮和硝态氮含量逐渐增加，而铵态氮含量和pH值均呈现先上升后降低趋势。在发酵床垫料的下层土壤中有机质和氮素含量呈升高趋势，因此在发酵床养殖方式下应采取必要的防渗措施以保护深层地下水土。

To study changes in nitrogen forms in pig-bed litters and their impacts on physico-chemical properties of the underlying soil, water content, pH, and contents of different forms of nitrogen and organic matter in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layer of litters and the 〉40-60 cm and 〉60-80 cm layers of underlying soil were determined in an experiment conducted of pig bio-bed from November 17, 2012 to May 24, 2013. It was found that with the litters kept in use longer, the contents of water and organic matter in the litters both displayed a trend of continuous decrease. As pigs kept on excreting urine and faeces, the content of TN, alkalytic nitrogen and NO3--N in the litters increased steadily, while pH and NH4＋-N displayed a different trend, rising first and then declining. In the underlying soil, because of infiltration, organic matter and nitrogen also followed a rising trend. It is, therefore, necessary to take some measures to prevent downward infiltration of effluent from the pig bio-bed for protecting underlying soil and water from pollution.