美国理想主义外交传统的历史审视

A Historical Survey of the American Diplomatic Tradition of Idealism

理想主义是美国外交的一大传统。这一外交传统有着深刻的文化根源,即"美国例外论"和"天定命运论"。美国的理想主义外交政策可分为非进攻型和进攻型两类。按照这两种类型理想主义的相互关系,可以把美国外交史分为三个阶段,以此考察理想主义外交传统的发展演变:两类理想主义并行的阶段;两类理想主义冲突阶段;进攻型理想主义为主导的阶段。美国外交中的理想主义传统,至今仍在延续。

Idealism is an important tradition of American diplomacy. This diplomatic tradition has deep cultural root,that is,“American exceptionalism”and“manifest destiny theory.”Idealism foreign policy of U. S. A. can be divided into non-offensive and offensive categories. According to the relationship between two types of ideal-ism,the diplomatic history of United States can be divided into three stages to study the evolution of diplomatic tradition of idealism:stage of parallel of the two types of idealism,stage of conflict of the two types of idealism and stage of dominant by offensive idealism. Idealism tradition in U. S. A. is still continued up to the present.