道德领导对员工越轨行为的影响：道德调节焦点和道德认同的作用

Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Employee Workplace Deviance:The Roles of Ethical Regulatory Focus and Ethical Identity

道德型领导和员工越轨行为的关系是组织管理领域新近兴起的课题,但目前学术界对二者关系作用机制的考察相对较少。基于调节焦点理论和道德认同理论,本文旨在揭示二者关系的"黑箱":首先,引入促进型和规避型道德调节焦点,考察它们在道德型领导和员工越轨行为之间的中介作用;其次,引入道德认同,对道德型领导和员工道德调节焦点关系的边界条件进行探讨。以203名企业员工为样本,结果发现:(1)道德型领导对员工越轨行为有显著负向影响;(2)道德型领导对员工越轨行为的负向影响是通过提升员工促进型道德调节焦点和规避型道德调节焦点实现的;(3)员工道德认同在道德型领导和两种道德调节焦点之间有负向调节作用,对低道德认同员工来说,道德型领导对道德调节焦点的影响相对较强。研究丰富了道德型领导与员工越轨行为的作用机制和边界条件,对企业管理实践也有一定的启示意义。

During the last several years, ethical leadership, ethical regulatory focus and employee workplace deviance have caught much attention and thus developed into prevalent topics of investigation. Recently, some scholars conducted research involving the three constructs and found that ethical prevention focus played a mediating role between ethical leadership and follower deviance. However, the research has two limitations. Firstly, the potential mediating role of ethical promotion focus between ethical leadership and follower deviance has not been concerned. Secondly, potential boundary condition under which ethical leadership impacts follower ethical regulatory focus has yet to be researched. To remedy the limitations, the study conlributes to the research aforementioned in two ways. We firstly examine the mediating role of ethical promotion focus on the relationship between ethical leadership and follower deviance. Furthermore, we explore the boundary conditions of the association between ethical leadership and ethical regulatory focus by considering moral identity as a moderator. Using 203 employees as sample, we found that： （1） There is a negative relationship between ethical leadership and follower deviance; （2） Both ethical promotion focus and ethical prevention focus play mediating roles in the negative relationship between ethical leadership and follower workplace deviance; （3） Follower moral identity negatively moderates the positive relationship between ethical leadership and ethical promotion focus as well as the positive relationship between ethical leadership and ethical prevention focus. Specifically, followers higher in moral identity respond to ethical leadership more weakly than do those lower when it comes to the influence that ethical leadership imposes on follower ethical promotion/prevention focus.