铝合金薄板零件一步法橡皮囊成形实验分析

Experimental study on one-step fluid cell forming of thin aluminum alloy sheet parts

铝合金薄板零件即浅盆形零件在一步法橡皮囊成形后，盆底和法兰部分分别出现鼓动和松动缺陷。通过对此缺陷进行实验分析，提出改进的一步法橡皮囊成形工艺为：下料→水淬→矫平→橡皮囊成形→时效硬化→修边，橡皮囊成形需要进行低压和高压二次橡皮囊的包边成形，并采用蒙拉矫平与可矫平0．4mm板辊式矫平机单独矫平的两种不同的矫平方式进行实验分析对比，蒙拉矫平的预拉量需要控制在1．5％～2％范围内。实验结果表明：采用聚合物淬火液进行淬火的板料变形小；采用可矫平0．4mm辊式矫平机单独矫平与蒙拉矫平相比，可使鼓动和松动缺陷减小，成品率提高70％。

After one-step fluid cell forming, the shallow basin shaped thin aluminum alloy sheet parts respectively are of defects of bottom buckling and flange buckling. The experimental study on these defects was made, and the one-step fluid cell forming process was proposed as ＂sheet cutting→water quenching→leveling→fluid cell forming →age hardening →trimming＂. The sheet leveling induded two different ways which were skin stretch leveling within 1.5 % -2% strain and roller leveler for 0. 4 mm sheet leveling. Finally, the experimental re- sults show that the sheet deformation is smaller with the polymer quenching medium; the defects of bottom buckling and flange buckling are reduced with roller leveler for 0. 4 mm sheet leveling instead of skin stretch leveling, and the rate of finished product is improved by 70%.