相结构形成因子统计值对钢中化合物形成的影响

Influence of the statistical value of phase structure formation factors on the compounds formation in steel

本文根据宏观物理量是微观原子状态统计值的思想,将原子组态最可几值改用统计值代替,利用固体与分子经验电子理论(EET)计算钢中FeS、MnS、TiC(N)、NbC(N)、VC(N)、AlN的相结构形成因子的统计值S′,探讨了各种化合物的S′对钢中组成原子自发凝聚成各种化合物能力的影响.研究发现S′McN<S′McC,可以从电子层面合理解释钢在平衡状态下由高温向低温转变时,FeS先于MnS析出,合金碳化物先于合金氮化物析出,在非平衡状态下,析出顺序相反的事实.并成功解释了铁碳相图共晶转变和共析转变各个相的形成顺序.从电子层次得出,在平衡条件下,S′较大的相先形成,在非平衡条件下,S′较小的相先形成.在某一适当冷却速度范围内,S′相差较小的相可以共生,这一冷却速度区间将是S′差值的函数.

Based on the macroscopic physical quantities affected by statistics of microscopic atomic state, the most probable value of atomic configuration was replaced by the statistical value. Statistical values S＇ of the phase structure formation factors for FeS, MnS, TiC（N）, NbC（N）, VC（N）, AlN in steel were calculated on the basis of the empirical electric theory of solids and molecules（EET）. The influence of S＇on the ability of atom spontaneous bunching into the structure in steel was discussed. It was found that S＇followed S＇McN〈S＇McC. It was a better explanation on the electronic scale for that carbide was precipitated before nitride, and FeS before MnS in balance condition, but it was contrary in nonequilibrium condition, as steel transformed from high to low temperature. The sequence of compounds formed for eutectic and eutectoid transformation in iron-carbon phase diagram was successfully explained. The phase with larger S＇was formed firstly in balance condition, it was contrary in nonequilibrium condition. The phases with small difference of S＇can be formed simultaneously in a proper cooling speed range. At same time, this range is a function of the difference of S＇.