阿奇霉素对小鼠消化道功能影响的初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Effects of Azithromycin on the Gastrointestinal Function in Mice

目的:研究阿奇霉素对小鼠消化道功能的影响。方法:取小鼠随机分为高、中、低剂量(阿奇霉素240、120、60 mg/kg)实验组和混合组(阿奇霉素240 mg/kg+阿托品1.8 mg/kg)、阴性对照组(0.9%氯化钠注射液),每组20只。除混合组外其余各组小鼠灌胃相应药物,每日1次,连续3 d;混合组小鼠灌胃阿奇霉素第3天时提前30 min灌胃阿托品。末次给药当日测定各组小鼠的体质量、胃排空率和肠推动率,病理学检查胃、肠组织变化。结果:与阴性对照组比较,高剂量实验组小鼠体质量增加减慢、胃排空率和肠推动率均增加,中剂量实验组小鼠肠推动率增加,混合组小鼠体质量增加减慢,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与混合组比较,中、高剂量实验组小鼠胃排空率和肠推动率均增加,低剂量实验组小鼠肠推动率增加,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各组小鼠指标差异无统计学意义。镜下观察各组小鼠胃、肠组织病理学变化均无明显差异。结论:高剂量阿奇霉素可使小鼠体质量增加减慢,但对胃肠黏膜并无明显刺激,推测其临床引起的消化道反应可能与消化道平滑肌的胆碱受体激活有关。

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of azithromycin on the gastrointestinal function in mice. METHODS： The mice were randomized into high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose trial groups （azithromycin 240, 120 and 60 mg/kg）, mixture group （azithromycin 240 mg/kg＋atropine 1.8 mg/kg） and negative control group （0.9% Sodium chloride injection） with 20 mice in each group. Those groups were given relevant medicines intragastrically once a day for consecutive 3 days except for mixture group; when mixture group was given azithromycin on the third day, it was given atropine 30 min before administration. The body weight, gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate of the mice were determined on the day of last administration, and the changes of gastric tissue and intestinal tissue were detected. RESULTS： Compared with negative control group, the body weight of high-dose trial group increased slowly, and gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate were increased; intestinal propulsion rate of medium-dose trial group was increased; the body weight of mixture group increased slowly; there were statistical significances （P〈0.05）. Compared with mixture group, gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate were increased in medium-dose and high-dose trial group, and intestinal propulsion rate of low-dose trial group was increased; there were statistical significances （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference of target in the remaining mice. There was no significant difference in gastrointestinal tissue among those groups. CONCLUSIONS： High-dose of azithromycin slows down the increase of body weight, but has no significant irritation to gastrointestinal mucosa. It indicates that gastrointestinal tract reaction may be associated with cholinoceptor activation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle.