戈壁荒漠区铁路工程野生动物通道设置研究

Research on How to Set Up Wildlife Crossings across Railway in the Gobi Desert Region

针对荒漠戈壁区铁路工程在设计和环境影响评价阶段,因缺乏区域内动物详细分布和活动状况的长期观测和研究成果而难以准确设置野生动物通道的问题,以新建红柳河至淖毛湖铁路为例,通过利用遥感、资料收集、走访、实地调查等方法,调查当地野生动物的类型、生活习性、活动规律和沿线植被及水源分布情况,通过类比青藏铁路等动物通道的利用效果,初步确定动物通道的位置、型式和规格,为我国西北荒漠戈壁区铁路工程野生动物通道的设置提供一种思路和方法。

In the stages of project design and environmental impact assessment, it was difficult to accurately set up the wildlife crossings across the railway in the Gobi desert region, because there was a shortage of detailed data of long-term observation and research of wildlife distribution and activity pattern in the region. Focusing on this problem, this paper took the new Hongliuhe-Naomaohu Railway as an example to do research. Meanwhile, the paper investigated the types of local wildlife, living habits, activity patterns and the distributions of vegetation and water source along the railway, by means of remote sensing, data collection, interviews, field survey and other methods. Furthermore, based on the analogy of application situations of wildlife crossings of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and other railways, this paper preliminarily determined the locations, types and standards of the wildlife crossings, providing a new idea and method for how to set up wildlife crossings across the railways in the Gobi desert region of northwestern China.