环境因子对海萝藻体生长及成活的影响

Effects of environmental factors on growth and survival of Gloiopeltis furcata thalli

研究了温度、光照强度、盐度和营养盐对海萝（Gloiopeltis furcata）藻体生长的影响以及 pH、干露、淡水浸泡对藻体成活的影响。海萝藻体分别培养在不同温度（10℃、14℃、18℃、22℃和26℃）、不同光照强度（2500 lx、4500 lx、6500 lx、8500 lx 和10500 lx）、不同盐度（15.5、18.0、20.5、23.0、25.5、28.0、30.5、33.0、35.5和38.0）和添加不同质量浓度的营养盐[硝酸钠（NaNO3）10 mg·L -1、20 mg·L -1、40 mg·L -1、80 mg· L -1和相对应的磷酸氢二钾（K2 HPO4）1 mg·L -1、2 mg·L -1、4 mg·L -1、8 mg·L -1]21 d。结果表明，海萝藻体生长的最合适温度为10～14℃，光照强度为6500～10500 lx，盐度为18～38；不同营养盐质量浓度对藻体生长的影响不明显。海萝藻体在不同 pH（5.5～10.0）条件下培养10 d，结果显示藻体正常成活的 pH 范围为6.5～9.0。海萝藻体分别经不同时间的阴干、泡淡水、晒干，结果显示阴干24～48 h 或泡淡水24～48 h 以下藻体仍然能够正常成活；阴干3 h 后泡淡水3 h，藻体也能正常成活；在阳光下晒干超过2 h，藻体不能正常成活。

The experiment investigated the effects of temperature,light intensity,salinity and nutritional salt on growth of Gloiopeltis furcata thalli as well as influences of pH,exposure to air and freshwater immersion on the survival of G. furcata thalli. G. furcata thalli were incubated at different temperatures（10 ℃ ,14 ℃ ,18 ℃,22 ℃ ,26 ℃ ）with different light intensities（photons）（2 500 lx、4 500 lx、6 500 lx、8 500 lx and 10 500 lx）in different salinities（15. 5,18. 0,20. 5,23. 0,25. 5,28. 0,30. 5,33. 0,35. 5, 38. 0）and by different concentrations of nutritional salt（adding NaNO3 of 10 mg·L - 1 ,20 mg·L - 1 ,40 mg·L - 1 ,80 mg·L - 1 and corresponding K2 HPO4 of 1 mg·L - 1 ,2 mg·L - 1 ,4 mg·L - 1 ,8 mg·L - 1 ）for 21 d. The results show that the optimum environment factors for growth of G. furcata thalli were temperature 10 ～ 14 ℃ ,light intensity 6 500 ～ 10 500 lx and salinity 18 ～ 38;nutritional salt of different comcentrations had no significant effect on its growth. G. furcata thalli which were incubated in sea water with different pH （5. 5 ～ 10. 0）for 10 d could survive under pH 6. 5 ～ 9. 0. G. furcata thalli,which were dried in shade,immersed in freshwater and dried in the sun for different time,could normally survive after being dred in shade for 24 ～ 48 h or immersed in freshwater for 24 ～48 h,and those were immersed in freshwater for 3 h after being dried in shade for 3 h could also survive. G. furcata thalli could not survive normally after being dried in the sun for more than 2 h.