2011年春季南海中南部海域灯光罩网渔业渔获组成的初步分析

Catch composition of light falling-net fishery in the central and southern South China Sea in spring of 2011

根据2011年春季南海中南部海域灯光罩网渔业海上调查数据，对南海中南部海域灯光罩网渔获组成、主要鱼种的生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明，鸢乌贼（Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis）是南海中南部灯光罩网的主捕鱼种，占绝对地位，优势胴长组为110～130 mm；其他主要鱼种有长体圆！（Decapterus macrosoma）、黄鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus albacaes）、鲔（Euthynnus affinis）和鲣（Katsuwonus pelami）。运用相对重要性指数（IRI）作为鱼种优势度的度量指标，得出灯光罩网渔获优势种只有鸢乌贼一种，IRI 值高达19418.013（IRI≥1000），重要种有2种，长体圆！和黄鳍金枪鱼，IRI 值分别为176.731和175.703（1000﹥ IRI≥100）。灯光罩网是南海捕捞中上层鱼类的主要作业方式之一，发展前景好，应合理开发，实现南海渔业的更好发展。

Based on the data collected from light falling-net fishery in the central and southern South China Sea in spring of 2011,this paper analyzed the catch composition and biological characteristics of the target species. Results indicate that the main catch species of the light falling-net fishery was Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis whose dominant groups of mantle length were 110 ～ 130 mm. The other target species were Decapterus macrosoma,Thunnus albacaes,Euthynnus affinis and Katsuwonus pelami. Since the species with index of relative importance（IRI）above 1 000 were defined as dominant species,S. oualaniensis was the only dominant species of light falling-net fishery with IRI up to 19 418. 013;the species with IRI of 100 ～ 1 000 were defined as major species,so only two major spe-cies（D. macrosoma and T. albacaes）appeared in the light falling-net fishery with IRI of 176. 731 and 175. 703,respectively. The light falling-net fishery which is one of the main fishing methods for pelagic fishes has good developmental prospects and should be reasonably developed to achieve better development of fisheries in the South China Sea.