认知性团体心理辅导和八段锦对中医院校新生抑郁的干预研究

Psychologic guidance for cognizing group and intervention of Ba Duan Jin on depression of new arrivals in university of TCM

[目的]综合考察以认知性团体辅导和八段锦为代表的东西方抑郁干预模式对改善中医院校新生抑郁的有效性和各自特点。[方法]采用试验组与对照组前后测准实验设计,按照一定标准,将筛选出的有轻度抑郁的大一新生分为3组:团体辅导组、中医干预组和对照组。对团体辅导组和中医干预组分别进行为期8周的认知性团体心理辅导和八段锦训练,每周1次,对照组不进行任何干预,试验前后对3组被试分别进行症状自陈量表(SCL-90)的测量,对各分量表和量表总分进行每组前后测和组间干预差异的比较。[结果]协方差分析显示,干预类型对抑郁的影响未达到显著水平(P>0.05);团体辅导前后,抑郁得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中医干预前后,抑郁、敌对、恐怖、精神病性得分和SCL-90总分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]认知性团体辅导和八段锦可能促进轻度抑郁的自我修复能力,并在原理和用途上各具特点。

[Objective] To make a comprehensive exploration on the effectiveness and characteristics of Western prevention model represented by cognitive group counseling and Eastern intervention model represented by Baduanjin in improving depression of new arrivals in university of TCM.[Methods] The quasi-experimental design of before-after-design was adopted, the selected new arrivals were divided into three groups according to a certain criterion. The arrivals these groups were experienced a group counseling for 8 weeks, TCM intervention or no intervention respectively. They were asked to take the test of SCL-90 before and after these interventions. [Results] As the covariance analysis showed, the effect of different types of intervention on the post depression scores was not significant; the depression score before and after the group counseling had significant difference, the scores of depression, hostile, phobia, psychoticism and the total score of SCL-90 before and after the TCM intervention all had significant difference.[Conclusion] Cognitive group counseling and Baduanjin may promote the self-recovery ability of mild depression, and show its own characteristics in the principle and purpose.