我国刑事赔偿制度的完善

Improvement of National Criminal Compensation System

刑事赔偿是对公民权利进行救济的最后屏障,在归责原则上经历了过错原则到无过错原则的演进,体现了对国家责任的认可。我国已经颁布了统一的《国家赔偿法》,侵犯人身权之刑事赔偿得以广泛关注,但侵犯财产权之刑事赔偿尚存在诸多问题,在财产权被宪法确认为公民的一项基本权利后,完善我国刑事赔偿势在必行。刑事赔偿制度既包括对实体性要件的界定,如刑事赔偿参与主体、赔偿范围、赔偿标准和方式;也包括程序性规范的具体设计,即狭义的刑事赔偿程序和追偿程序。

Criminal compensation is the last barrier of civil rights relief. In the imputation principle it changes from the fault principle to no fault principle, and shows national responsibility. Now “State Compensation Law” has established, the violation of human rights has been paid close attention, but violate propety rights still exist many problems. The criminal compensation system includes not only the definition of the substantive elements, for example the participants, the scope and the standard, but also procedural criterion, such as the compensation procedure and recoverT procedure.