论新中国成立初期的群众合唱活动——以1958年到1966年的《北京晚报》为例

Study on Mass Chorus activities in the Early Days of P.R.China——Taking Beijing Evening News from 1958 to 1966 for Example

合唱具有参与度高、操作性强、感染力大的特点,在"为工农兵服务"的众多文艺形式中具备独特的优越性。建国初期的北京群众合唱活动牵扯到社会、历史、政治、文化的方方面面,本文通过对1958年至1966年间的《北京晚报》中关于北京群众合唱活动的相关文本的分析,主要探讨以下几个问题:谁在唱?唱什么?怎么唱?为什么唱?群众合唱活动兼具表演性与参与性,因而既呈现为一种特色鲜明的政治符号,表征当时的宏观政治语境,同时又具备极强的群众动员功能,有效地将数量庞大的社会成员集合在一起,达成特定的意识形态宣传目的,甚至发动与辅助群众运动的开展。但政治性并不能遮蔽群众文化运动的其他特征,本文试图从建国初期的政治意识形态影响、现代化建设和受众本身的参与行为,来全面考察该时期北京居民的群众合唱活动。

With features of high degree of participation, simplified operation and great appeal, the chorus equipped with unique advantages among many art forms in ＂service for the workers, farmers and soldiers＂. The mass chorus activities in Beijing in the early days of P. R. China involved many aspects, including social aspect, historical aspect, political aspect and cultural aspect. Based on the associated text analysis of choral activities of Beijing Masses in Beijing Evening News from 1958 to 1966, this paper focused on the following questions： Who are singing？ What to sing？ How to sing？ Why do they sing？ Mass Chorus activities are of both performability and participation. Thus they not only presented as a distinctive political symbol which showed the macro-political context of the time, but also had a very strong function of mass mobilization which effectively gathered a huge number of members of the community together to achieve a specific ideological propaganda purposes or even to launch a mass movement. But other features of the mass cultural movement should not be shielded by its political features. This paper tries to fully investigate the mass chorus activities of Beijing resident of that period through the analysis of the political ideology influence in the early days of P. R. China, the tion. modernization construction and the audience participa-tion.