异化劳动及其拓展——《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的哲学人类学维度

Labor Alienation and Its Expansion——Dialectics of Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844 from the Dimension of Philosophical Anthropology

《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的异化思想不仅仅包含劳动异化的"四个要素",而且还分析了感觉异化、需要异化、交往异化、分工异化和观念异化等复杂概念,全面展示了马克思辩证法思想初现时期的哲学人类学批判维度。由于将异化问题与政治经济学批判结合起来,马克思同时完成了对德国古典哲学异化思想的扬弃与对国民经济学"二律背反"的超越,使得其异化思想具备了经验性实证描述和超越性辩证批判特色。这种整体性批判思维成为此后马克思研究和表述其思想的重要原则和方法。

Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844 not only discusses the four elements of labor alienation,but also analyses the complex cluster concept of perception alienation,demand alienation,communication alienation,division of labor alienation and idea alienation,which totally highlights the dimension of philosophical anthropology critique. thanks to the combination of alienation subject and the critique of political economy,Marx finished the transcenda-tion of the alienation of German classical philosophy and the'antinomy'of national economics at the same time,which made his thought of alienation possessing the feature of empirical description and transcendental dialectical critique. This comprehensive critical thinking became Marx's important principle and pattern of research and expression.