摘要
以宁夏引黄灌区为例,探索猪粪还田条件下冬小麦田土壤硝态氮淋失规律.试验设置3个处理:常规施化肥225kgN·hm^-2(CK)、常规施肥基础上施用4500kg·hm^-2(T1)和9000kg·hm^-2(T2)猪粪.利用树脂芯法吸附30、60和90cm土层的硝态氮淋失量.结果表明:在常规施肥基础上增施猪粪,小麦生育期土壤硝态氮(纯N)淋失量为9.33~14.04kg·hm^-2,占施N量的4.2%~6.2%.与CK相比,30cm土层T1、T2的硝态氮淋失量增加2.6%和2.1%;60cm土层增加1.5%和减少1.3%;90cm土层减少8.7%和增加4.0%.增施猪粪与对照在30、60和90cm土层处的硝态氮淋失量均无显著差异,而在深层土壤表现出减少趋势.硝态氮淋失主要发生在返青至灌浆期间,日均淋失量高于全生育期平均水平,该阶段的硝态氮淋失量占生育期内总淋失量的58.7%-75.3%.T1、T2春小麦产量比对照分别增加9.3%和12.5%.
The effect of swine manure application on nitrate nitrogen leaching was investigated in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia. The field experiment was conducted with 3 Treatments: Traditional fertilization 225 kg N kg ·hm^-2 without swine manure (CK), traditional fertilization with swine manure 4500 kg · hm^-2 (Tl ) and traditional fertilization with swine manure 9000 kg · hm^-2 ( T2 ). Nitrate nitrogen leaching rates were measured for 30, 60, 90 cm depth soil layers with a resin core absorption method. The results indicated that the nitrate leaching losses of T1 and T2 treatments ranged from 9.33 to 14.04 kg · hm^-2 (pure nitrogen) , which accounted for 4.2%- 6.2% of applied nitrogen fertilizer. Compared to CK, the nitrate leaching losses of T1 and T2 in- creased by 2.6% and 2.1% at 30 em depth, increased by 1.5% and decreased by 1.3% at 60 cm depth, decreased by 8.7% and increased by 4.0% at 90 cm depth, respectively. The difference did not reach statistical significance among CK and T1 and T2 in nitrate leaching loss at 30, 60 and 90 cm depths. However, there was a declining trend of nitrate leaching at deep soil layers of treat- ments. The key period of nitrate leaching loss was from spring reviving to early filling stage, whichhad a higher daily leaching loss than the average of the whole growth period, and accounted for 58.7%-75.3% of total leaching loss. Compared with CK, the yields of T1 and T2 increased by 9.3% and 12.5%, respectively.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1759-1764,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
环保公益性行业科研专项(201009017)资助
关键词
引黄灌区
猪粪
麦田
硝态氮
淋失
the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia
swine manure
winter wheat field
nitrateN
leaching.