OCT研究黄斑厚度与近视程度关系

Macular thickness measured in myopic eyes by spectral domain optical coherence tomography

目的 分析正视与低、中、高度近视黄斑厚度的差异.方法 选取2012年3月至2013年11月在广东医学院志愿参加研究的学生137名（268只眼）.其中：年龄18～27岁;矫正视力≥1.0,眼压≤21 mmHg;正视47只眼,低度近视70只眼,中度近视102只眼,高度近视49只眼.使用Topcon3D 1 000 OCT对其进行黄斑检测,并将正视与低、中、高度近视黄斑厚度进行比较.结果 正视与低、中、高度近视的黄斑中心区厚度分别为（226.36±21.68）、（231.36±19.28）、（227.06±17.41）和（231.51±19.17） μm.黄斑区视网膜平均厚度分别为（281.45±11.49）、（277.70±12.03）、（269.93±12.05）和（268.38±10.97） μm.低、中、高度近视与正视相比较,黄斑中心区厚度和黄斑中心凹厚度均差异无统计学意义（F =1.29、1.04,P=0.28、0.38）.中度近视的黄斑内环（内下方除外,P内下=0.18）和外环厚度均比正视和低度近视薄,其差异比较有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.结论 在矫正视力正常的年轻近视患者,其黄斑中心厚度仍保持正常.但黄斑区视网膜厚度,将随着近视度数的加深逐渐变薄,并且变薄的量会从外向内逐渐增加.

Objective To analyze the macular thickness measured in myopic eyes by spectral domain optical coherence tomography （OCT）.Methods The macular thicknesses of 268 eyes of 137 participants with 47 emmetropic,70 low myopic,102 moderate myopic and 49 highly myopic eyes were measured by the Topcon 3D OCT 1000.The macular thicknesses were compared between emmetropic and low myopic,moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes.Results The Central subfield thickness of emmetropic and low myopic,moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes were （226.36±21.68）,（231.36±19.28）,（227.06±17.41） and （231.51±19.17）μm.Average thickness of emmetropic and low myopic,moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes were （281.45± 11.49）,（277.70± 12.03）,（269.93±12.05） and （268.38±10.97）μtm.Center thickness and central subfield thickness were not significantly thinner in myopic eyes than in emmetropic eyes.Macular thickness in outer and inner region （Infra-inner except,P=0.18） of moderate myopic eyes was significantly thinner than that of emmetropic eyes and low myopic eyes.Conclusions The center macular thickness is not becomes thinner in young myopic eyes.Retina thickness in outer and inner macular region of myopic is thinner than that of emmetropic eyes.The amount of macular thinner gradually increases from outer region to inner region with the increase of the degree of myopia.