中国传统法律解释的技术与意蕴——以清代典型的注释律学文本为视域

Technicality and Implications of Chinese Traditional Legal Explanation through Analyzing the Classical Works of the Qing Dynasty

以具有代表性的清代注释律学文本为视域,可以呈现出中国传统法律解释的技术方法和精神意蕴。在法律解释的技术方法上,从字词考据、文义疏解再到文理阐释,中国传统的法律解释与传统汉语中的文义解释路径高度契合。历史考证技术以沿革考证和引用经典素材为典型体现,亦能生动地反映传统中国注释律家之学术素养;以概念语辞互证、律例比较互释、律学著作引证为代表的比较解释技术也臻于完善。"治"与"仁"彰显了中国传统法律解释者的观念主旨,展现出法律实用主义与儒家伦理观念的共融。延至清代,法律解释者们虽然仍坚守尊崇法典的观念,但也孕育出理性而谨慎的批判精神。中国传统的法律解释在技术方法与观念价值上的契合与共融,能够为弥合当前法律发展所面临的技术与观念之间的分裂冲突提供历史借鉴。

The technicality and implications of the Chinese traditional legal explanation can be well expressed through analyzing the classical works of the Qing dynasty, In the field of explanation technicality, the Chinese traditional legal explanations shared the same characters with traditional classical explanation in expounding from term and legal provisions to literary pieces. Historical explanation technique can be presented through evolution and adducting the classical works,which shows the Chinese traditional legal scholars' accomplishment. The comparative explanation technique also was enlightened with the comparative form involving terms,legal provisions and works. The social order and ethical good are elementary implications shared by Chinese traditional legal scholars. It is the typical expression of legal Confucian. Through the works and legal explanations of Qing dynasty, we can see the coexisting of homage and rational critique to the code. These coexisting and harmonization of technicality and implications are valuable for comprehending the current puzzles in the contemporary legal fields.