我国高等教育社会分层功能的再审视——基于对某省两所高校毕业生的调查

The Re-examination of Higher Education's Function of Social Stratification——Based on the Investigation of Two College Graduates

高等教育大众化背景下的大学生就业难、高考弃考等现象,再次引发人们对高等教育社会分层功能的审视。在对福建省2所高校进行调查分析的基础上,对不同类型高校、科类毕业生的社会分层情况、父子的职业地位相关性,以及父子阶层的地位变化等对比研究发现:高等教育分流影响毕业生的社会分层;接受高等教育的多数毕业生实现了社会阶层的向上流动;同时高等教育仍是优势阶层地位再生产的重要工具。由这一研究结果审视大众化背景下的高等教育社会分层功能,可以得出高等教育的矛盾性功能依然存在、高校毕业生就业难强化了高等教育的社会分层功能的结论。真正很好地协调社会分层与高等教育的关系,仍任重而道远。

Under the background of mass higher education,phenomenon such as college students＇ employment difficulty and refusing to take an examination of college entrance examination have led to the reexamination of higher education＇s function of social stratification.The foundation of investigation and analysis was conducted in the two universities in Fujian province. This survey provides empirical study on the following circumstance ：social stratification from different types and majors of class graduates,correlation analysis of the professional status of father and son ,the contrast table of father and son class status change. Studies have shown that the distribution situation of higher education influences the social stratification of graduates, higher education is helpful to most of the graduates of upward mobility, at the same time it is still important means of reproducing superiority class status. Based on the research findings, the contradiction function in higher education still exists, college graduates＇ employment difficulty does not weaken but intensify the function of social stratification of higher education. Therefore, coordinating the relationship between higher education and the social stratification is still a long way to go.