干眼患者临床特点及影响因素分析

Study on clinical characteristics and affecting factors of dry eye patients

目的：探讨干眼患者症状特点及其影响因素，指导干眼的诊断和治疗。方法：将2013年8～12月间首诊为干眼并愿意接受问卷调查的182例患者（364只眼）纳入研究，对患者进行详尽病眼科检查及问卷调查，了解干眼的症状、加重因素、患者生活习惯等。结果：364只眼中蒸发过强型占70．0％，症状前三位的分别是眼干涩（89．8％）、异物感（50．0％）、视物模糊（48．9％）；风沙天气和空气污染为主要外部症状加重因素。干眼患者中吸烟患者泪膜破裂时间（BUT）显著小于不吸烟患者（P〈0．05），锻炼患者BUT值显著高于不锻炼患者（P〈0．05），长时用眼患者BUT值显著小于无长时用眼患者（P〈0．05）。患者是否饮酒、睡眠是否良好，其BUT值无显著性差异。结论：干眼症状主要为干涩、异物感、视物模糊；外部环境如风沙天气及空气污染会导致症状明显加重：吸烟、长时间用眼可能导致干眼病情加重，而锻炼能改善干眼病情。

Objective：To explore the clinical characteristics and affecting factors of dry eye and help treating this disease.Methods：We collected 182 patients （364 eyes）from August to December 2013 in the outpatient clinic who were first diagnosed dry eye and would like to fill in the questionnaire.Underwent eye examination for each patient and asked the patient to fill in the questionnaire： including symptoms,affecting factors and habits.Resnits：70.0% of the 364 eyes were clue to evaporation.The most common symptoms were dryness （89.8%）, foreign body sensation （50.0%）, blurred vision occasionally （48.9%）.Sandstorm whether and air pollu- tion were the aggravating factors.Break up time was significantly different from those who smoke and did not smoke,who often exercise and did not exercise,and those who use eyes often and not so often.Conclusion： Symptoms of dry eye are dryness ,foreign body sensation ;sandstorm and air pollution will aggregate the symptoms.Smoking,using eyes long-lasting will worsen the disease while exercise will improve the symptoms.