活性炭与分子筛吸附乙烯诱导巴厘菠萝开花的研究

Effects of active carbon and zeolite molecular sieve with saturated ethylene on flower forcing of Yellow Mauritius pineapple

为了开发一种新的菠萝催花方法,以200 mg/L乙烯利溶液为对照,研究了两种吸附乙烯饱和的吸附剂（活性炭和沸石分子筛）对菠萝品种巴厘的综合催花效果.结果表明：（1）活性炭吸附乙烯的能力及释放乙烯的速度极显著高于分子筛;（2）沸石分子筛与乙烯利均可诱导巴厘菠萝100％成花,活性炭处理抽蕾率为30％～60％,二者花期要比乙烯利延迟1～2 d;（3）催花后的菠萝小果数及单果重与乙烯吸附剂的投入量有关,吸附剂投放多,会降低菠萝果实的小果数及果重,0.1～0.2 g分子筛以及活性炭处理催花后所结的菠萝小果数均极显著高于对照乙烯利,单果重无显著差异;（4）分子筛及活性炭催花与乙烯利催花所结的果实在可溶性固形物、总酸和维生素C含量上无显著差异.沸石分子筛吸附乙烯可以成功诱导巴厘菠萝开花,是一种新型的菠萝催花方法.

To develop a new method for floner forcing of pineapple, using 200 mg/L ethephon as control, the integrated effects of ethylene absorbents （active carbon and zeolite） on the flower forcing of Yellow Mauritius pineapple were studied. Results showed that active carbon could abosorb ethylene and release ethylene, and was very significantly higher than zeolite. Zeolite saturated with ethylene could force pineapple into flowering successfully with flowering percent of 100% and active carbon only induced 30%-60% of plants into flowering, which was far below the requirements of commercial production. The flowering period was 1-2 days behind ethylene treatment. The number of fruitlet and fruit weight were related with the quantity of ethylene absorbant. With the increase of the absorbent weight, the fruitlet number and fruit weight decreased. There was very significant difference among all treatments except 0.3 g absorbants and control in fruitlet number, and no significant difference in fruit weight. There was no difference in fruit internal quality （total soluble solids, titratable acids and Vitamin C） among plants forced by active carbon, zeolite and ethephon, indicating that as a new forcing method, zeolite was an appropriate absorbant of ethylene as forcing agent for Yellow Mauritius pineapple.