血站血液检验标本误差的原因及对策探讨

To explore the causes and Countermeasures of blood specimen error

目的分析我站血液检验标本出现误差的主要原因,同时提出切实可行的预防策略,以确保血液检验标本质量可靠。方法对我站在2010年12月—2013年12月间出现的70例血液检验标本误差予以回顾性分析,探究形成血液检验标本误差的原因,并提出相应解决对策以最大限度保证血液检验标本质量。结果造成我站70例血液检验标本出现误差的主要原因包括以下几方面:①血液样本采集原因,由于血站工作人员对于血液标本的采集过程的责任意识不强,严重忽视检验报告的重要性,主要包括抗凝管使用方法有误、血液检验标本用量标准不明确等;②献血者自身因素,献血者个体间存在差异及献血者未将采血前的相关活动及饮食情况告知采血工作人员、资料填报有误;③标本送检原因,标本储存环境不符合要求,标本在运送过程中遭受大幅度震动,造成血细胞破裂;④标本检验原因,标本处理不当和检测不及时。结论在血液检验过程中除献血者自身因素外,由于血站工作人员样本采集不当、标本送检及标本检验过程的不合理操作是导致误差的主要原因,因此要注重规范血液检验中各项操作,加强送检工作,才能提高血站血液检验的准确率。

Objective To analyze the main reason I stand blood test specimens of error, and put forward the prevention strategies, in order to ensure the quality of blood specimen. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 70 blood specimens for testing error appeared in 2010 December to 2013 December to our station, explore the formation error causes blood specimens, and put forward corresponding countermeasures to ensure maximum quality blood test specimens. Results The main causes of I stand 70 blood specimen errors include the following aspects： ①The blood sample collection, because the blood bank staff for the collection of blood specimen responsibility consciousness is not strong, serious neglect the importance of inspection reports, in-cluding anticoagulant tube used the wrong way, the amount of blood test specimens standard is not clear; ②the donor＇s own fac-tors, individual differences of blood donors and blood donors will not related activities before blood sampling and blood sampling personnel, diet told data reporting error; ③the specimen, specimen storage environment does not meet the requirements, specimen suffered greatly vibration in the course of transportation, built on the blood cell rupture; ④the specimen, specimen handling and can not be detected in time.Conclusion The blood test process in addition to donors＇ own factors, because the blood bank staff sample improper, unreasonable operation specimen and specimen examination is the main cause of the error, so we should pay at-tention to regulating the blood test operation, strengthen the inspection work, to improve the accuracy rate of blood test.