草地生态系统服务价值估算前瞻

The prospects for rangeland ecosystem services evaluation

本研究将草地生态系统生态服务价值评估分为4个步骤进行,分别为:内涵确认、功能分类、指标设定及价值核算,并按此顺序将草地生态系统服务价值评估的研究进展做了阐释,发现现有的草地生态系统服务价值评估研究,在内涵确认、指标设立、评估方法及计算结果方面都存在很大分歧。主要原因有三:1)没有充分认识到草地生态系统内部存在的异质性特征;2)对评估对象的认识存在偏差,没有找到真正的评估对象,从而导致评估过程中出现重复计算问题;3)对价值评价的主观性特点,以及价值与利益相关者之间的关系缺乏认识。针对以上分析,基于草地综合顺序分类法(CSCS)提出了草地生态系统服务价值评估的实践方案,包含确定研究空间尺度及其内部草地类型,确定研究范围内的利益相关者,选择评估指标和合适的评估方法四步骤,并强调实地研究在草地生态系统服务价值评估中的重要作用。

There are four steps to evaluate the value of rangeland ecosystem services： definition, classification, setting up index, and evaluation. In this sequence, we discovered some different results in the four research steps. There could be three reasons for these differences. 1） Not fully understanding the heterogeneous characteristics of the grassland ecosystem interior, 2） Some research did not include the right evaluation objects, and these mistakes led to a double counting evaluation of the rangeland ecosystem services, and 3） Some research ignored the relationship between stakeholders and the valuation. To solve the above issues, a realistic plan of rangeland ecosystem services evaluation was introduced based on a comprehensive and sequential classification system of rangeland （CSCS）. It included identification of the research scope and the internal grassland species, choosing the appropriate evaluation indices and the suitable evaluation methods. It especially emphasized the importance of field study.