畜禽养殖污染物资源化利用技术及模式研究

Technologies and Modes for Livestock and Poultry Pollutant Recycling

中国畜禽养殖业污染十分严重。结合中国传统农业"万物并育"思想,论述了畜禽养殖污染物的资源化利用技术及模式,主要有肥料化(牧-肥-草模式、农业废弃物-畜禽粪便堆肥模式、发酵床模式)、能源化(以沼气为核心的利用模式、畜禽粪便-农业废弃物联合发酵制氢模式)、基料化(农林副产物-食用菌模式、以食用菌为中心的循环经济模式、针叶树类木屑-发酵床养猪-食用菌利用模式)、饲料化四种方式。这些利用方式为防治畜禽养殖业污染发挥着重要作用。

Livestock and poultry pollution is very serious in China. With combination of Chinese traditional thought of ＂Eve- rything growing harmoniously together＂, this paper discussed the four technologies and modes of recycling pollutants from livestock and poultry industry as resources. They are fertilizer utilization technology （ animal husbandry - fertilizer - grass mode, composting mode of agriculture wastes - livestock and poultry manure, mode of deep litter system）, energy technology （utilization mode with core of methane, fermentative hydrogen production mode of agriculture wastes - livestock and poultry manure）, base material technology （ agriculture and forestry by - products - edible fungi mode, circular economy mode with edible fungi as the center, and utilization mode of coniferous sawdust - deep litter system for pig raising - edible fungi）, and feed utilization technology. These technologies and modes have played an important role in prevention and control of livestock and poultry pollution.