圭恰迪尼的政治思想与现代政治观念的形成——兼与马基雅维利政治思想的比较

Francesco Guicciardini's Political Idea and the Formation of Modern Political Thought——Contrasting with Machiavelli's Political Idea

圭恰迪尼是16世纪佛罗伦萨著名的政治活动家、政治思想家和历史学家。他栖身于现实主义的传统中,主张因地制宜的效用观。这种效用观不仅使现代政治观念的世俗性得到增强,而且使政治观念更加稳固地建立在当下政治生活的复杂性基础上。他在混合政体思想中对贵族美德的倚重,揭开了现代国家理论中精英政治观的序曲。他在权术观中体现出的保守性揭示了其过渡性的时代地位。

Francesco Guicciardini was a famous statesman,political thinker and historian in Florence in the sixteenth century.Following the realistic tradition,he put forward the new idea about effectiveness—adjusting measures to local conditions.This idea about effectiveness strengthened the secularity of political thought,also firmly based the political thought on the complexity of modern political reality.His emphasis on the aristocrat's virtue in mixture regime was the prelude of modern political elite idea.The conservatism in his idea about power revealed that he was in the transitional period.