宁夏油用向日葵氮磷钾吸收规律研究

A Study on the Absorption Law of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium of Oil Sunflower in Ningxia

为了进一步提高宁夏向日葵氮磷钾肥料利用率,完善栽培技术,试验选用油用型向日葵品种LD1616作为供试材料,采用田间试验方法,研究了油葵各个器官氮磷钾养分含量及干物质含量积累,分析了油葵各个器官对氮磷钾养分的吸收特点。研究结果表明:影响油葵籽粒、茎叶产量的肥料因素均为氮素>磷素>钾素。NPK(OPT)处理养分吸收最多,缺少一种养分吸收量相对减少,以缺少氮素的减少幅度最大,以缺少钾素的减少幅度最小。氮磷钾肥料的利用率排序为氮>钾>磷。氮素、磷素农学效率有明显的增产效果,施用钾肥效果不明显。

In order to further upgrade the utilization rate of NPK fertilizer of sunflower and improve the cultivation techniques in Ningxia, the variety LD1616 of oil sunflower has been chosen as a testing material and field testing method has been adopted to study NPK content in various organs of nutrients and dry matter accumulation in sunflower and analyze characteristics of nutrient absorption of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium in various organs of oil sunflower. Study results show that fertilizer affecting the oil sunflower seed, stem and leaf yield are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium respectively. NPK （OPT） treatment of nutrient absorption is maximum and the lack of a particular nutrient absorption is relatively minimum. A lack of nitrogen is maximum and a lack of potassium is minimum. Utilization rate of NPK fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium separately. Egiciency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal agronomy has obvious and the effect in increasing K fertilizer is not obvious.