γ射线辐射诱变抗杨白粉病的研究

The Research on γ-ray Irradiation of Powdery Mildew Resistant Yang

以“禾阳19”杨组培苗茎段获得的胚性愈伤组织为辐射诱变材料，进行了γ射线（60Co）辐射诱变、培养基上定向筛选杨抗病变异体的方法，结果显示，以茎段的胚性愈伤诱导率最高，达到100%；愈伤分化培养45 h胚性细胞分化，73~95 h胚性细胞大量形成，γ射线辐射处理为最佳时期；不同辐射剂量比较，30 Gy较接近半致死剂量；辐射后的胚性愈伤在培养基上定向筛选抗杨病变异体，得到生根试管苗408株；经大棚、大田连续进一步筛选获得1个抗杨白粉病的速生优系，定名为“禾抗3号”杨，连续3a抗病性检测结果表明，“禾抗3号”杨明显高于亲本和对照的抗病性，诱变性状稳定。

In this study , the radiation mutagenic material being used is the embryonic stem callus cultured in“He Yang 19”Yang Plantlets , and the method of directed screening of resistant variants by the use ofγ-rays （60Co） irradiation is applied .The results showed the induction rate of stem embryogenic callus was highest（100%）.The embryogenic cells differentiated 45 hours after the callus differentiation culture and lots of embryogenic cells formed 73~95 hours after the culture, which was the optimum time for γ irradiation treatment. Through comparative analysis of different doses, 30 Gy was found close to half-lethal dose. After directional screen of resistant variants from irradiated embryogenic callus in medium 408 rooting tube plantlets were obtained. A Powdery mildew resistant and fast growing best line named＂He Yang resistance 3＂was get from the further screen in the green house and field. The results of 3 years’ resistance examination showed that the resistance of ＂ He Yang resistance 3 ＂ was obviously higher than that of the parents and control and the mutation characters were stable.