1959—2005年我国冬季和夏季区域气温与日照、云量的相关分析

Correlation Analysis Between Regional Temperature and Sunshine and Cloud Cover in Winter and Summer from 1959 to 2005

基于1959—2005年全国824站日平均气温和日照时数以及NCEP/NCAR总云量逐日资料,利用REOF方法,将我国冬、夏季平均气温分别分为4个和6个区。冬季4区为青藏高原以东、东北和内蒙古东部、青藏高原大部、新疆;夏季6区为西北东部和华北、长江黄河流域一带、西南南部和华南、东北和内蒙古东部、新疆中北部、南疆西部。除了夏季II区(长江黄河流域一带),冬季和夏季各区平均气温均呈上升趋势,且冬季的上升趋势更显著。消除总云量的影响后,除了冬季II区(东北和内蒙古东部),冬季和夏季平均气温与日照时数均呈正相关关系,但与冬季相比,夏季的正相关关系更显著;消除日照的影响后,在夏季I区(西北东部和华北大部)和VI区(南疆西部)以及冬季II区(东北和内蒙古东部),平均气温与总云量呈显著的负相关关系。

Based on the daily mean temperature and sunshine duration data of 824 stations in China from 1959 to 2005 and the NCEP/NCAR daily total cloud cover data, China is devided into four and six sub-regions for winter and summer mean temperature respectively with REOF method. The four sub-regions for winter are the east of Tibetan Plateau, Northeast China and eastern Inner Mongolia, most of Tibetan Plateau, and Xinjiang Province. The six sub-regions for summer are east of the Northwest and North China, the reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, southern Southwest China and South China, Northeast China and eastern Inner Mongolia, the central and north of Xinjiang, west of southern Xinjiang. Average temperature of all regions except summer region Ⅱ （the reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers） has an upward tendency in both winter and summer, besides, the tendency in winter is more significant. Except winter region Ⅱ （Northeast China and eastern Inner Mongolia）, there is a positive correlation between temperature and sunshine in all regions without consideration of the impact of total cloud, and the positive correlation of summer is more significant than that of winter. Taking no account of sunshine, the negative correlation between temperature and total cloud is significant in summer region Ⅰ （east of the Northwest and most of North China） , as well as in summer region Ⅵ （west of southern Xinjiang） and winter region Ⅱ （Northeast China and eastern Inner Mongolia）.