汤显祖与曹雪芹两大诗学范畴考释

Two Big Poetic Categories about Tang Xianzu and Cao Xueqin

以"情"为本体是汤显祖和曹雪芹共相的美学元素,并通过"梦"的叙事策略表现出来。两人的风格显然具有承续性和变异性。汤显祖提出"情至论",主人公杜丽娘由情生梦,冲破经验逻辑跨越生死场域,文学内质呈现出超越性维度。林黛玉的情感结构,体现为原初性焦虑和畏惧情绪,将"情"的深度予以拓展。"梦"的叙事策略反映了两位作家对人类生存本质的思考。汤显祖以"梦"为"情"作铺垫,对生命存在予以本体观照。曹雪芹以"梦"为观相模式,生发出强烈的忧患意识,彰显了对存在真理的认知。

The same aesthetic dement between Tang Xianzu and Cao Xueqin is love, which is showed by dream. Their style is continued and altered. Tang Xianzu put forward to theory which was the best sentiment. Du Liniang dreamed by love which broke through experience logic, went beyond living and death which displayed transcendent. Emotional structure of Lin Daiyu embodied in the primitive anxiety and fear which expand the depth of the mood. The narrative strategy by dream reflects that the two writers think on the nature of human existence. Tang Xianzu considered the nature is love which was seen by dream. Cao Xueqin had strong suffering consciousness by dream as the concept of phase pattern, which revealed the cognition about math of the existence.