闽中沿海雷暴初终日变化特征分析

Analysis of Climate Variation Characteristics of First Thunder Date and Last Thunder Date at Mid-Seaside of Fujian

本文应用福建省莆田、仙游、福清和崇武四站1960-2012年地面气象观测资料,统计了福建中部沿海雷暴初终日的气候变化特征,结果表明福建中部沿海初雷有明显的旬月际、年际和年代际分布,初雷最多出现在3月中旬。近50年莆田、仙游和崇武初雷经历了上个世纪60至70年代末的偏晚期和80年代至本世纪初的偏早期,近6年来出现了向偏晚期转换的趋势。终雷日期有明显的候分布,主要集中在9月1候、9月5候和10月1候,终雷的3个集中时期与西太平洋副高的第一次回跳、秋分及副高第二次回跳时间相对应。

The climate variation characteristics of first thunder date and last thunder date at mid-seaside of Fujianprovince were analyzed in this paper with the 1960-2011 data from four meteorological stations by usingmathematical statistics methods. The results showed that： In the past 50 years,the first thunderstorm mostlyappeared at mid-March. The appearing date of first thunderstorm experienced a tendency of delay during 1960sand 1970s and advance from 1980s to the early years of 21st century and now it turns back to be in period of delay.The last thunderstorm did not have a tendency of advance or delay,but most occurred at the first pentad and thefifth pentad of September and the first pentad of October. The three concentration periods corresponded to the firstsouthward jumps of western Pacific subtropical high（WPSH）, the autumnal equinox and the second southwardjumps of WPSH.