企业组织变革压力下员工的应对策略研究

Study on Employees' Coping Strategies under the Stress of Organizational Change

企业组织变革已经成为员工一种主要的工作压力源。传统的组织变革研究过于突出战略、环境等宏观层面的因素,对个体的心理和反应等微观层面的因素重视不够,因而难以取得实质性进展。应对是变革情境下员工最典型的心理活动和反应形式。员工应对策略的选择对其个人和企业变革的结果具有重要的影响。因此,研究员工的应对策略及其影响因素具有重要意义。员工的变革应对策略总体上可以分为积极应对和消极应对两大类。影响员工变革应对策略选择的因素包括人口统计变量、认知评价、人格、自信、自我效能感、情绪和社会支持以及组织层面的因素和变革本身的特点等。员工结合自身特质和拥有的资源选择有效的应对策略不仅有利于个体的发展,也有利于企业变革目标的实现。

The organizational change has become a major source of employees’ work stress . Traditional research of organizational change focused on strategy ,environment and other macro - level factors , and paid insufficient attention to individual psychological reac-tions and other micro - level factors ,making it difficult to achieve substantive progress .Coping is the most typical mental activity and re-sponse form under pressure to change .Employee’s coping strategies have an important impact on the employee himself and the result of or -ganizational change .Therefore , the study of employee’s coping strategies and their influencing factors is of great significance .In general , coping strategies can be divided into two major categories of active coping and negative coping .Factors influencing the selection of coping strategies include demographic variables ,cognitive assessment ,personality ,self - confidence ,self - efficacy ,emotion and social support as well as the organization - level factors and characteristics of change itself etc .Choosing effective coping strategies according to their own characteristics and resources is conducive not only to individual development ,but also to the realization of the objective of changes .