全球生产网络下的贸易收益及核算——基于中国的实证

Trade Gains and Accounting under Global Production Network:An Empirical Study of China

全球生产网络下,出口并不能代表一国的贸易收益。本文通过构建多国投入产出模型,核算出中国出口实现的属地贸易收益、属权贸易收益、外国属地贸易收益,以及中国进口实现的增值折返及外国属地贸易收益。得出结论是:中国第一出口大国的背后,更大部分实现的是外国的收益;中国出口实现的外国(地区)增加值、进口实现的增值折返,大部分来自东亚的我国台湾地区、日本及韩国;中美贸易实现的美国贸易收益中,很大部分是通过间接贸易方式实现的。

Under the global production network, export does not represent a country＇s trade gains. By constructing an international input-output model, this study successfully calculates the territorial trade income, ownership trade income and foreign territorial trade income realized by China＇s export, as well as value added returns and the foreign territorial trade income realized by China＇s import. The conclusion is that China, as the largest exporting country, sees most of its trade benefits gained by foreign countries; China＇s foreign added value of export and returns of import mostly come from Taiwan, Japan and South Korea in East Asia. The trade gains of the US from China-US trade is mostly realized by indirect trade means.