瞻礼单述论：兼说西历的东传

On Liturgical Calendar

瞻礼单(liturgical calendar or ordo)是以公历的形式记载天主教会全年礼仪的日历,因里面标注着天主教的主日、节日、守斋日、圣人纪念日,方便基督徒参加教会礼仪而得名。瞻礼单在明朝末年由西方传教士带入中国,在以后的传播中,这一西洋年历不仅在教会内使用,也逐渐被中国社会所认识。本文主要对瞻礼单的传入、制作、功用以及国人对西历的理解诸问题进行分析讨论,从中寻觅中西文化交流与碰撞的一些特点。

Liturgical calendar or ordo （Latin：calendarium）recorded the year-round Catholic church etiquette calendar in the form of Gregorian calendar, which became well-known for the labels of Lord’s day, festival, fast’s day and the day to memory of Saint in Catholic church and the convenience for Christians to participate in church etiquette. Western missionaries brought it into China in late Ming Dynasty. In its later spreading, this kind of the western calendar not only be used within church, but also be gradually known in Chinese society. This article discusses its spreading, compiling and function of Liturgical calendar, as well as people’s understanding of it, and then tries to find some characteristics of the exchange and collision between Chinese and western culture.