碳酸饮料对乳恒牙更替期牙齿健康的影响

Effect of Carbonated Drinks on Primary and Permanent Teeth Replacement in Children

目的研究碳酸饮料对乳恒牙更替期牙齿健康的影响作用及机制。方法 40颗犬牙釉质样本分别采用15μL可口可乐(可口可乐组)、雪碧(雪碧组)、纯苏打水(苏打水组)和生理盐水(生理盐水组)浸泡,各10颗。测定处理后饮料中钙、磷溶出浓度;分离牙乳头干细胞,以添加可口可乐、雪碧、苏打水和生理盐水的条件培养基进行细胞培养,采用PCR法和Western blot法检测核因子-κB受体活化剂配体(RANKL)、骨保护素(OPG)和维生素D受体(VDR)的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果各组钙、磷溶出浓度(mmol/L)由高到低均依次为:雪碧组(3.679±0.114、0.089±0.008)、可口可乐组(2.217±0.109、0.036±0.005)、生理盐水组(0.021±0.004、0.009±0.001)和苏打水组(0.007±0.001、0.002±0.000)。各组RANKL的mRNA和蛋白表达差异均无统计学意义。苏打水组和生理盐水组OPG的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均高于可口可乐组和雪碧组(均P<0.05),雪碧组与可口可乐组、生理盐水组与苏打水组间差异均无统计学意义。生理盐水组VDR的mRNA和蛋白表达水平低于可口可乐组和雪碧组,高于苏打水组(均P<0.05)。结论碳酸饮料可能通过调控成骨相关基因表达及维生素D受体家族共同影响乳恒牙更替期的牙齿健康。

Objective To study the effect of carbonated drinks on primary and permanent teeth replacement in Chil-dren. Method Dog tooth enamel samples were soaked in coca-cola, sprite and pure soda, and the calcium, phosphorus lev-el were analysed. Dental papilla stem cells were separated and cultured in the conditioned medium by adding three drinks. PCR and western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein levels of activator of nuclear factor-k B receptor ligand （RANKL）, osteoprotegerin （OPG） and vitamin D receptor （VDR） , then the possible role of each gene and interactions rela-tionship were analyzed. Results Compared with saline, coca-cola and sprite showed their significantly decalcification and dephosphorization role, while plain soda water showed calcium and phosphorus protective effect. These three drinks had no effect on mRNA and protein levels of RANKL gene （P〉0.05）. Coca-cola and sprite can reduce OPG mRNA and protein lev-els, and at the same time increase transcription and expression of the VDR gene. Plain soda water has no effect on the OPG gene manifestation, but can significantly reduce the transcription and translation level of the VDR gene. Conclusion Car-bonated drinks may affect the dental health of the children＆#39;s primary and permanent teeth replacement by regulating bone re-lated gene expression and vitamin D receptor family.